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Actively exploited

CVE-2021-31010 Apple iOS, macOS, watchOS Sandbox Bypass Vulnerability

In affected versions of Apple iOS, macOS, and watchOS, a sandboxed process may be able to circumvent sandbox restrictions.

From the CISA KEV catalogue version 2026.11.06, with Cybergen analysis. Updated 6 Nov 2026.

Our Assessment

Should You Worry?

Patch urgentlyCybergen assessment
  • CISA confirmed exploitation in the wild and added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on 25 Aug 2022.
  • Rated High severity (CVSS 7.5, scored by CISA).
  • It has been in the catalogue for 1,534 days. Systems still unpatched now have almost certainly been scanned for it.
The Vulnerability

What It Is

A deserialization issue was addressed through improved validation. This issue is fixed in Security Update 2021-005 Catalina, iOS 12.5.5, iOS 14.8 and iPadOS 14.8, macOS Big Sur 11.6, watchOS 7.6.2. A sandboxed process may be able to circumvent sandbox restrictions. Apple was aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited at the time of release..

Affected Versions

ProductVersions
Apple macOSunspecified to before 11.6
Apple macOSunspecified to before 2021
Apple watchOSunspecified to before 7.6
Apple watchOSunspecified to before 14.8
Apple watchOSunspecified to before 12.5

From the public CVE record, as supplied by the vendor. Always confirm against the vendor advisory.

From Watch to Action

What To Do Now

  1. 1

    Find it

    Search your asset inventory and external attack surface for Apple iOS, macOS, watchOS. Include cloud images, appliances and anything a supplier runs for you.

    Attack Surface Management
  2. 2

    Fix it

    Apply updates per vendor instructions.

    Vulnerability Management
  3. 3

    Hunt for compromise

    If an affected system was reachable before you patched, assume it may have been hit. Check logs, new accounts, web shells and outbound connections from the date of exposure.

    Incident Response
  4. 4

    Prove it is fixed

    Rescan or test the system after patching. Upgrades that fail silently and forgotten secondary instances are common.

    Penetration Testing

Vendor Advisories

Regulation

The Compliance Clock

Cyber EssentialsRated high, so if it affects devices in your Cyber Essentials scope, the update must be installed within 14 days of the vendor releasing it.NIS2If exploitation causes a significant incident, essential and important entities owe their CSIRT an early warning within 24 hours and a notification within 72 hours.DORAFinancial entities must classify ICT incidents and send an initial notification for a major incident within strict deadlines, with exploited flaws a common cause.US federal (BOD 22-01)Federal civilian agencies had until 15 Sep 2022 to remediate. A sensible benchmark for everyone else.

General guidance, not legal advice. Your obligations depend on your sector, scope and jurisdiction.

Stay Ahead

More Exploited Apple Flaws

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Evidence

Sources

  1. CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue
  2. NVD: CVE-2021-31010
  3. CVE record: CVE-2021-31010
  4. FIRST EPSS
  5. support.apple.com/en-us/HT212804, https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212805, https://support.apple.co
  6. support.apple.com/en-us/HT212804
  7. support.apple.com/en-us/HT212805
  8. support.apple.com/en-us/HT212807
  9. support.apple.com/en-us/HT212806
  10. support.apple.com/en-us/HT212824